For a 14-year-old female who took an overdose, what is the EMT's first action upon arrival?

In a situation involving a potential overdose, the priority for an EMT upon arrival is to assess the scene for safety and take appropriate precautions to prevent further harm to the patient or responders. The choice to implement manual spine motion restriction precautions is particularly relevant if there is any suspicion of a head or spinal injury, which could be indicated by the circumstances of the overdose, such as a fall or other traumatic events.

Additionally, maintaining spinal alignment is a critical component of the initial assessment, as it can prevent exacerbating any potential injuries while providing care. This action lays the groundwork for a thorough evaluation and intervention while ensuring that the patient's safety is prioritized.

In this context, determining the exact amount of medication taken may be necessary but is not an immediate action upon arrival. Starting positive pressure ventilation is essential if the patient is apneic or severely compromised; however, ensuring spinal protection first can be paramount in cases involving possible trauma. Opening the airway could be an immediate need depending on the patient’s level of consciousness and breathing status, but the priority of spinal precautions ensures a comprehensive approach.